In the period of monopoly capitalism, the first step in the creation
of the universal market is the conquest of all goods production by the
commodity form, the second step is the conquest of an increasing range
of services and their conversion into commodities, and the third step is
a “product cycle” which invents new products and services, some of which
become indispensable as the conditions of modern life change to destroy
alternatives. In this way the inhabitant of capitalist society is
enmeshed in a web made up of commodity goods and commodity services from
which there is little possibility of escape except through partial or total
abstention from social life as it now exists. This is reinforced
form the other side by a development which is analogous to that which proceeds
in the worker’s work: the atrophy of competence. In the end, the
population finds itself willy-nilly in the position of being able to do
little or nothing itself as easily as it can be hired, done in the marketplace,
y one of the multifarious new branches of social labor. And while
from the point of view consumption this means total dependence on the market,
from the point of view of labor it means that all work is carried on under
the aegis of capital and is subject to its tribute of profit to expand
capital still further (194-5).