Capitalist production requires exchange relations, commodities, and
money, but its differentia specifica is the purchase and sale of labor
power. For this purpose, three basic conditions become generalized
throughout the society. First, workers are separated from the means
with which production is carried on, and can gain access to them only by
selling their labor power to others. Second, workers are freed of
legal constraints, such as serfdom or slavery, that prevent them from disposing
of their own labor power. Third, the purpose of the employment of
the worker becomes the expansion of a unit of capital belonging to the
employer, who is thus functioning as a capitalist. The labor process
therefore begins with a contract or agreement governing the conditions
of the sale of labor power by the worker and its purchase by the employer
(35-36).